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fixes #95

Reviewed-on: #96
Co-authored-by: localhorst <localhorst@mosad.xyz>
Co-committed-by: localhorst <localhorst@mosad.xyz>

include/drive.h

@@ -72,7 +72,10 @@ private:
         uint32_t u32ErrorCount = 0U;
         uint32_t u32PowerOnHours = 0U; // in hours
         uint32_t u32PowerCycles = 0U;
-        uint32_t u32Temperature = 0U; // in Fahrenheit, just kidding: degree Celsius
+        uint32_t u32Temperature = 0U;          // in Fahrenheit, just kidding: degree Celsius
+        uint32_t u32ReallocatedSectors = 0U;   // ID 0x05 - Reallocated Sectors Count
+        uint32_t u32PendingSectors = 0U;       // ID 0xC5 - Current Pending Sector Count
+        uint32_t u32UncorrectableSectors = 0U; // ID 0xC6 - Offline Uncorrectable Sector Count
     } sSmartData;
 
 private:
@@ -106,6 +109,9 @@ public:
     uint32_t getPowerOnHours(void); // in hours
     uint32_t getPowerCycles(void);
     uint32_t getTemperature(void); // in Fahrenheit, just kidding: degree Celsius
+    uint32_t getReallocatedSectors(void);
+    uint32_t getPendingSectors(void);
+    uint32_t getUncorrectableSectors(void);
     void checkFrozenDrive(void);
 
     void setDriveSMARTData(std::string modelFamily,
@@ -115,7 +121,10 @@ public:
                            uint32_t errorCount,
                            uint32_t powerOnHours,
                            uint32_t powerCycles,
-                           uint32_t temperature);
+                           uint32_t temperature,
+                           uint32_t reallocatedSectors,
+                           uint32_t pendingSectors,
+                           uint32_t uncorrectableSectors);
 
     std::string sCapacityToText();
     std::string sErrorCountToText();

include/reHDD.h

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 #ifndef REHDD_H_
 #define REHDD_H_
 
-#define REHDD_VERSION "V1.3.0"
+#define REHDD_VERSION "V1.4.0-dev"
 
 // Drive handling Settings
 #define WORSE_HOURS 19200    // mark drive if at this limit or beyond
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 // Logger Settings
 #define LOG_PATH "./reHDD.log"
-#define DESCRIPTION "reHDD - Copyright Hendrik Schutter 2025"
+#define DESCRIPTION "reHDD - Copyright Hendrik Schutter 2026"
 #define DEVICE_ID "generic"
 #define SOFTWARE_VERSION REHDD_VERSION
 #define HARDWARE_VERSION "generic"

include/shred.h

@@ -16,9 +16,28 @@
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#include <chrono>
 
-#define CHUNK_SIZE 1024 * 1024 * 32 // amount of bytes that are overwritten at once --> 32MB
+// Adaptive chunk size optimization - uncomment to enable
-#define TFNG_DATA_SIZE CHUNK_SIZE   // amount of bytes used by tfng
+#define ADAPTIVE_CHUNK_SIZE
+
+// Chunk size configuration
+#define CHUNK_SIZE_START 1024 * 1024 * 32 // Starting chunk size: 32MB
+#define CHUNK_SIZE_MIN 1024 * 1024 * 4 // Minimum chunk size: 4MB
+#define CHUNK_SIZE_MAX 1024 * 1024 * 128 // Maximum chunk size: 128MB
+#define CHUNK_SIZE_STEP_UP 1024 * 1024 * 2 // Increase step: 2MB
+#define CHUNK_SIZE_STEP_DOWN 1024 * 1024 * 4 // Decrease step: 4MB
+#define CHUNK_MEASURE_INTERVAL 64 // Measure performance every 64 chunks
+
+#ifdef ADAPTIVE_CHUNK_SIZE
+// Use max buffer size when adaptive mode is enabled
+#define CHUNK_SIZE CHUNK_SIZE_MAX
+#define TFNG_DATA_SIZE CHUNK_SIZE_MAX
+#else
+// Use fixed chunk size when adaptive mode is disabled
+#define CHUNK_SIZE CHUNK_SIZE_START
+#define TFNG_DATA_SIZE CHUNK_SIZE
+#endif
 
 // #define DEMO_DRIVE_SIZE 1024*1024*256L // 256MB
 // #define DEMO_DRIVE_SIZE 1024*1024*1024L // 1GB
@@ -33,22 +52,47 @@ protected:
 public:
     Shred();
     ~Shred();
-    int shredDrive(Drive *drive, int *ipSignalFd);
+    int shredDrive(Drive* drive, int* ipSignalFd);
 
 private:
     fileDescriptor randomSrcFileDiscr;
     fileDescriptor driveFileDiscr;
+
+#ifdef ADAPTIVE_CHUNK_SIZE
+    unsigned char* caTfngData; // Dynamic buffer allocation for adaptive mode
+    unsigned char* caReadBuffer; // Dynamic buffer allocation for adaptive mode
+#else
     unsigned char caTfngData[TFNG_DATA_SIZE];
     unsigned char caReadBuffer[CHUNK_SIZE];
+#endif
+
     unsigned long ulDriveByteSize;
     unsigned long ulDriveByteOverallCount = 0; // all bytes shredded in all iterations + checking -> used for progress calculation
     double d32Percent = 0.0;
     double d32TmpPercent = 0.0;
 
+#ifdef ADAPTIVE_CHUNK_SIZE
+    // Adaptive chunk size optimization members
+    size_t currentChunkSize;
+    size_t bestChunkSize;
+    unsigned int chunkCounter;
+    std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::time_point measurementStartTime;
+    double bestThroughputMBps;
+    double lastThroughputMBps;
+    unsigned long bytesWrittenInMeasurement;
+    bool throughputIncreasing;
+
+    // Adaptive methods
+    void startMeasurement();
+    void evaluateThroughput(Drive* drive);
+    void adjustChunkSize(Drive* drive);
+    size_t getCurrentChunkSize() const;
+#endif
+
     inline double calcProgress();
     int iRewindDrive(fileDescriptor file);
     long getDriveSizeInBytes(fileDescriptor file);
-    unsigned int uiCalcChecksum(fileDescriptor file, Drive *drive, int *ipSignalFd);
+    unsigned int uiCalcChecksum(fileDescriptor file, Drive* drive, int* ipSignalFd);
     void cleanup();
 };
 

include/smart.h

@@ -10,24 +10,29 @@
 
 #include "reHDD.h"
 
+/**
+ * @brief SMART data reader for drives
+ *
+ * Parses smartctl JSON output to extract:
+ * - Device information (model, serial, capacity)
+ * - Power statistics (hours, cycles)
+ * - Temperature
+ * - Critical sector counts (reallocated, pending, uncorrectable)
+ *
+ * Uses deterministic state machine parser for reliable multi-line JSON parsing.
+ */
 class SMART
 {
 protected:
 public:
+    /**
+     * @brief Read S.M.A.R.T. data from drive and populate Drive object
+     * @param drive Pointer to Drive instance to populate with SMART data
+     */
     static void readSMARTData(Drive *drive);
 
 private:
-    SMART(void);
+    SMART(void); // Utility class - no instances
-
-    static bool parseExitStatus(std::string sLine, uint8_t &status);
-    static bool parseModelFamily(std::string sLine, std::string &modelFamily);
-    static bool parseModelName(std::string sLine, std::string &modelName);
-    static bool parseSerial(std::string sLine, std::string &serial);
-    static bool parseCapacity(std::string sLine, uint64_t &capacity);
-    static bool parseErrorCount(std::string sLine, uint32_t &errorCount);
-    static bool parsePowerOnHours(std::string sLine, uint32_t &powerOnHours);
-    static bool parsePowerCycles(std::string sLine, uint32_t &powerCycles);
-    static bool parseTemperature(std::string sLine, uint32_t &temperature);
 };
 
 #endif // SMART_H_

include/tui.h

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ private:
     static WINDOW *createMenuView(int iXSize, int iYSize, int iXStart, int iYStart, struct MenuState menustate);
     static WINDOW *createDialog(int iXSize, int iYSize, int iXStart, int iYStart, std::string selectedTask, std::string optionA, std::string optionB);
     static WINDOW *createFrozenWarning(int iXSize, int iYSize, int iXStart, int iYStart, std::string sPath, std::string sModelFamily, std::string sModelName, std::string sSerial, std::string sProgress);
-    static WINDOW *createSmartWarning(int iXSize, int iYSize, int iXStart, int iYStart, std::string sPath, uint32_t u32PowerOnHours, uint32_t u32PowerCycles, uint32_t u32ErrorCount, uint32_t u32Temperature);
+    static WINDOW *createSmartWarning(int iXSize, int iYSize, int iXStart, int iYStart, std::string sPath, uint32_t u32PowerOnHours, uint32_t u32PowerCycles, uint32_t u32ErrorCount, uint32_t u32Temperature, uint32_t u32ReallocatedSectors, uint32_t u32PendingSectors, uint32_t u32UncorrectableSectors);
     static WINDOW *createZeroChecksumWarning(int iXSize, int iYSize, int iXStart, int iYStart, std::string sPath, std::string sModelFamily, std::string sModelName, std::string sSerial, uint32_t u32Checksum);
 
     void displaySelectedDrive(Drive &drive, int stdscrX, int stdscrY);

src/drive.cpp

@@ -140,6 +140,21 @@ uint32_t Drive::getTemperature(void)
     return sSmartData.u32Temperature;
 }
 
+uint32_t Drive::getReallocatedSectors(void)
+{
+    return sSmartData.u32ReallocatedSectors;
+}
+
+uint32_t Drive::getPendingSectors(void)
+{
+    return sSmartData.u32PendingSectors;
+}
+
+uint32_t Drive::getUncorrectableSectors(void)
+{
+    return sSmartData.u32UncorrectableSectors;
+}
+
 string Drive::sCapacityToText()
 {
     char acBuffer[16];
@@ -226,7 +241,10 @@ void Drive::setDriveSMARTData(string modelFamily,
                               uint32_t errorCount,
                               uint32_t powerOnHours,
                               uint32_t powerCycle,
-                              uint32_t temperature)
+                              uint32_t temperature,
+                              uint32_t reallocatedSectors,
+                              uint32_t pendingSectors,
+                              uint32_t uncorrectableSectors)
 {
     this->sSmartData.sModelFamily = modelFamily;
     this->sSmartData.sModelName = modelName;
@@ -236,6 +254,9 @@ void Drive::setDriveSMARTData(string modelFamily,
     this->sSmartData.u32PowerOnHours = powerOnHours;
     this->sSmartData.u32PowerCycles = powerCycle;
     this->sSmartData.u32Temperature = temperature;
+    this->sSmartData.u32ReallocatedSectors = reallocatedSectors;
+    this->sSmartData.u32PendingSectors = pendingSectors;
+    this->sSmartData.u32UncorrectableSectors = uncorrectableSectors;
 }
 
 void Drive::setTimestamp()

src/reHDD.cpp

@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ void reHDD::filterNewDrives(list<Drive> *plistOldDrives, list<Drive> *plistNewDr
             {
                 itOld->bIsOffline = false; // drive is still attached
                 // copy new smart data to existing drive
-                itOld->setDriveSMARTData(itNew->getModelFamily(), itNew->getModelName(), itNew->getSerial(), itNew->getCapacity(), itNew->getErrorCount(), itNew->getPowerOnHours(), itNew->getPowerCycles(), itNew->getTemperature());
+                itOld->setDriveSMARTData(itNew->getModelFamily(), itNew->getModelName(), itNew->getSerial(), itNew->getCapacity(), itNew->getErrorCount(), itNew->getPowerOnHours(), itNew->getPowerCycles(), itNew->getTemperature(), itNew->getReallocatedSectors(), itNew->getPendingSectors(), itNew->getUncorrectableSectors());
 #ifdef LOG_LEVEL_HIGH
                 Logger::logThis()->info("Delete new drive, because already attached: " + itNew->getModelName());
 #endif

src/shred.cpp

@@ -21,24 +21,185 @@ const static char *randomsrc = (char *)"/dev/urandom";
 
 Shred::Shred()
 {
+#ifdef ADAPTIVE_CHUNK_SIZE
+    // Allocate aligned buffers for maximum chunk size
+    if (posix_memalign((void **)&caTfngData, 4096, CHUNK_SIZE_MAX) != 0)
+    {
+        Logger::logThis()->error("Failed to allocate aligned buffer for tfng data");
+        caTfngData = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    if (posix_memalign((void **)&caReadBuffer, 4096, CHUNK_SIZE_MAX) != 0)
+    {
+        Logger::logThis()->error("Failed to allocate aligned buffer for read buffer");
+        caReadBuffer = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // Initialize adaptive tracking variables
+    currentChunkSize = CHUNK_SIZE_START;
+    bestChunkSize = CHUNK_SIZE_START;
+    chunkCounter = 0;
+    bestThroughputMBps = 0.0;
+    lastThroughputMBps = 0.0;
+    bytesWrittenInMeasurement = 0;
+    throughputIncreasing = true;
+
+    Logger::logThis()->info("Adaptive chunk size optimization ENABLED - Starting with " +
+                            to_string(currentChunkSize / (1024 * 1024)) + " MB chunks");
+#endif
 }
 
 Shred::~Shred()
 {
+#ifdef ADAPTIVE_CHUNK_SIZE
+    if (caTfngData != nullptr)
+    {
+        free(caTfngData);
+        caTfngData = nullptr;
+    }
+    if (caReadBuffer != nullptr)
+    {
+        free(caReadBuffer);
+        caReadBuffer = nullptr;
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+#ifdef ADAPTIVE_CHUNK_SIZE
+/**
+ * \brief   Start performance measurement interval
+ * \return  void
+ */
+void Shred::startMeasurement()
+{
+    measurementStartTime = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
+    bytesWrittenInMeasurement = 0;
+    chunkCounter = 0;
 }
 
 /**
  * \brief   shred drive with shred
- * \param	pointer of Drive instance
+ * \param   pointer of Drive instance
+ * \param   file descriptor for signaling
+ * \return  0 on success, -1 on error
+ */
+void Shred::evaluateThroughput(Drive *drive)
+{
+    auto measurementEndTime = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
+    std::chrono::duration<double> elapsed = measurementEndTime - measurementStartTime;
+    double elapsedSeconds = elapsed.count();
+
+    if (elapsedSeconds > 0.0)
+    {
+        double throughputMBps = (bytesWrittenInMeasurement / (1024.0 * 1024.0)) / elapsedSeconds;
+        lastThroughputMBps = throughputMBps;
+
+        Logger::logThis()->info("Throughput measurement - ChunkSize: " +
+                                to_string(currentChunkSize / (1024 * 1024)) + " MB, " +
+                                "Throughput: " + to_string((int)throughputMBps) + " MB/s, " +
+                                "Best: " + to_string((int)bestThroughputMBps) + " MB/s" +
+                                " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+
+        // Check if this is better than our best
+        if (throughputMBps > bestThroughputMBps)
+        {
+            bestThroughputMBps = throughputMBps;
+            bestChunkSize = currentChunkSize;
+            throughputIncreasing = true;
+
+            Logger::logThis()->info("NEW BEST throughput: " + to_string((int)bestThroughputMBps) +
+                                    " MB/s with " + to_string(currentChunkSize / (1024 * 1024)) +
+                                    " MB chunks - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            throughputIncreasing = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Adjust chunk size for next measurement interval
+    adjustChunkSize(drive);
+
+    // Start new measurement
+    startMeasurement();
+}
+
+/**
+ * \brief   Adjust chunk size based on throughput trend
+ * \param   pointer to Drive instance
  * \return  void
  */
+void Shred::adjustChunkSize(Drive *drive)
+{
+    size_t oldChunkSize = currentChunkSize;
+
+    if (throughputIncreasing)
+    {
+        // Throughput is improving - increase chunk size
+        currentChunkSize += CHUNK_SIZE_STEP_UP;
+
+        // Clamp to maximum
+        if (currentChunkSize > CHUNK_SIZE_MAX)
+        {
+            currentChunkSize = CHUNK_SIZE_MAX;
+            Logger::logThis()->info("Reached maximum chunk size: " +
+                                    to_string(currentChunkSize / (1024 * 1024)) + " MB" +
+                                    " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // Throughput decreased - decrease chunk size to find sweet spot
+        if (currentChunkSize > CHUNK_SIZE_STEP_DOWN)
+        {
+            currentChunkSize -= CHUNK_SIZE_STEP_DOWN;
+        }
+
+        // Clamp to minimum
+        if (currentChunkSize < CHUNK_SIZE_MIN)
+        {
+            currentChunkSize = CHUNK_SIZE_MIN;
+            Logger::logThis()->info("Reached minimum chunk size: " +
+                                    to_string(currentChunkSize / (1024 * 1024)) + " MB" +
+                                    " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (oldChunkSize != currentChunkSize)
+    {
+        Logger::logThis()->info("Adjusted chunk size: " +
+                                to_string(oldChunkSize / (1024 * 1024)) + " MB -> " +
+                                to_string(currentChunkSize / (1024 * 1024)) + " MB" +
+                                " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * \brief   Get current chunk size for adaptive mode
+ * \return  current chunk size in bytes
+ */
+size_t Shred::getCurrentChunkSize() const
+{
+    return currentChunkSize;
+}
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * \brief   shred drive with shred
+ * \param   pointer of Drive instance
+ * \param   file descriptor for signaling
+ * \return  0 on success, -1 on error
+ */
 int Shred::shredDrive(Drive *drive, int *ipSignalFd)
 {
     ostringstream address;
     address << (void const *)&(*drive);
     Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task started - Drive: " + drive->getModelName() + "-" + drive->getSerial() + " @" + address.str());
-    drive->bWasShredStarted = true; // Mark drive as partly shredded
+
+    // Mark as started but NOT shredded yet
+    drive->bWasShredStarted = true;
     drive->bWasShredded = false;
+    drive->bWasChecked = false;
     drive->setTaskPercentage(0.0);
     drive->u32DriveChecksumAfterShredding = UINT32_MAX;
     drive->state = Drive::TaskState::SHRED_ACTIVE;
@@ -46,99 +207,222 @@ int Shred::shredDrive(Drive *drive, int *ipSignalFd)
 #ifdef DRYRUN
     for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++)
     {
-        drive->setTaskPercentage(i + 0.05);
+        if (drive->state.load() != Drive::TaskState::SHRED_ACTIVE)
+        {
+            Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task aborted during DRYRUN - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+            drive->setTaskPercentage(i + 0.05);
+            drive->state = Drive::TaskState::NONE;
+            drive->bWasShredded = false; // CRITICAL: Mark as NOT shredded on abort
+            return -1;
+        }
+        drive->setTaskPercentage((double)i);
         write(*ipSignalFd, "A", 1);
         usleep(20000);
     }
+
+    // Only mark as shredded if DRYRUN completed successfully
     drive->bWasShredded = true;
+    drive->setTaskPercentage(0.0);
+    drive->state = Drive::TaskState::NONE;
+    Logger::logThis()->info("DRYRUN completed - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+    return 0;
 #endif
 
 #ifndef DRYRUN
-    const char *cpDrivePath = drive->getPath().c_str();
+    string sDrivePath = drive->getPath();
+    const char *cpDrivePath = sDrivePath.c_str();
     unsigned char ucKey[TFNG_KEY_SIZE];
 
-    // open random source
+#ifdef ADAPTIVE_CHUNK_SIZE
+    // Validate buffers were allocated
+    if (caTfngData == nullptr || caReadBuffer == nullptr)
+    {
+        Logger::logThis()->error("Shred-Task: Aligned buffers not allocated! - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+        return -1;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    // Open random source
+    Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task: Opening random source: " + string(randomsrc) + " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
     randomSrcFileDiscr = open(randomsrc, O_RDONLY | O_LARGEFILE);
     if (randomSrcFileDiscr == -1)
     {
-        std::string errorMsg(strerror(errno));
+        int savedErrno = errno;
-        Logger::logThis()->error("Shred-Task: Open random source failed! " + errorMsg + " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+        Logger::logThis()->error("Shred-Task: Open random source failed! Path: " + string(randomsrc) +
-        perror(randomsrc);
+                                 " - Error: " + strerror(savedErrno) + " (errno: " + to_string(savedErrno) + ")" +
-        cleanup();
+                                 " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+
+        // Reset drive state on error - NOT shredded
+        drive->state = Drive::TaskState::NONE;
+        drive->setTaskPercentage(0.0);
+        drive->bWasShredStarted = false;
+        drive->bWasShredded = false;
         return -1;
     }
+    Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task: Random source opened successfully (fd: " + to_string(randomSrcFileDiscr) + ") - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
 
-    // open disk
+    // Open disk
     driveFileDiscr = open(cpDrivePath, O_RDWR | O_LARGEFILE);
     if (driveFileDiscr == -1)
     {
-        std::string errorMsg(strerror(errno));
+        int savedErrno = errno;
-        Logger::logThis()->error("Shred-Task: Open drive failed! " + errorMsg + " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+        string errorDetail;
-        perror(cpDrivePath);
+
-        cleanup();
+        switch (savedErrno)
+        {
+        case ENOMEDIUM:
+            errorDetail = "No medium found (drive may be empty or disconnected)";
+            break;
+        case EACCES:
+            errorDetail = "Permission denied (need root/sudo?)";
+            break;
+        case ENOENT:
+            errorDetail = "Drive not found (device may have been removed)";
+            break;
+        case EROFS:
+            errorDetail = "Read-only file system";
+            break;
+        case EBUSY:
+            errorDetail = "Drive is busy (may be mounted or in use)";
+            break;
+        case EINVAL:
+            errorDetail = "Invalid argument";
+            break;
+        default:
+            errorDetail = strerror(savedErrno);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        Logger::logThis()->error("Shred-Task: Open drive failed! Path: " + string(cpDrivePath) +
+                                 " - Error: " + errorDetail + " (errno: " + to_string(savedErrno) + ")" +
+                                 " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial() + " - Model: " + drive->getModelName());
+
+        // Close random source before returning
+        close(randomSrcFileDiscr);
+        randomSrcFileDiscr = -1;
+
+        // Reset drive state on error - NOT shredded
+        drive->state = Drive::TaskState::NONE;
+        drive->setTaskPercentage(0.0);
+        drive->bWasShredStarted = false;
+        drive->bWasShredded = false;
         return -1;
     }
+    Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task: Drive opened successfully (fd: " + to_string(driveFileDiscr) + ") - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
 
-    // read key for random generator
+    // Read key for random generator
+    Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task: Reading random key - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
     ssize_t readRet = read(randomSrcFileDiscr, ucKey, sizeof(ucKey));
     if (readRet <= 0)
     {
-        std::string errorMsg(strerror(errno));
+        int savedErrno = errno;
-        Logger::logThis()->error("Shred-Task: Read random key failed! " + errorMsg + " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+        Logger::logThis()->error("Shred-Task: Read random key failed! Expected: " + to_string(sizeof(ucKey)) +
-        perror(randomsrc);
+                                 " bytes, Got: " + to_string(readRet) + " bytes" +
+                                 " - Error: " + strerror(savedErrno) + " (errno: " + to_string(savedErrno) + ")" +
+                                 " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
         cleanup();
+
+        // Reset drive state on error - NOT shredded
+        drive->state = Drive::TaskState::NONE;
+        drive->setTaskPercentage(0.0);
+        drive->bWasShredStarted = false;
+        drive->bWasShredded = false;
         return -1;
     }
+    Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task: Random key read successfully (" + to_string(readRet) + " bytes) - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
 
     tfng_prng_seedkey(ucKey);
 
     this->ulDriveByteSize = getDriveSizeInBytes(driveFileDiscr);
+    if (this->ulDriveByteSize == 0)
+    {
+        Logger::logThis()->error("Shred-Task: Drive size is 0 bytes! Drive may be empty or size detection failed - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+        cleanup();
+
+        // Reset drive state on error - NOT shredded
+        drive->state = Drive::TaskState::NONE;
+        drive->setTaskPercentage(0.0);
+        drive->bWasShredStarted = false;
+        drive->bWasShredded = false;
+        return -1;
+    }
+
     Drive::ShredSpeed shredSpeed = drive->sShredSpeed.load();
-    shredSpeed.chronoShredTimestamp = std::chrono::system_clock::now(); // set inital timestamp for speed metric
+    shredSpeed.chronoShredTimestamp = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
-    shredSpeed.ulSpeedMetricBytesWritten = 0U;                          // uses to calculate speed metric
+    shredSpeed.ulSpeedMetricBytesWritten = 0U;
     drive->sShredSpeed.store(shredSpeed);
 
 #ifdef LOG_LEVEL_HIGH
     Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task: Bytes-Size of Drive: " + to_string(this->ulDriveByteSize) + " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
 #endif
 
+#ifdef ADAPTIVE_CHUNK_SIZE
+    // Start first measurement interval
+    startMeasurement();
+#endif
+    // Main shredding loop
     for (unsigned int uiShredIterationCounter = 0U; uiShredIterationCounter < SHRED_ITERATIONS; uiShredIterationCounter++)
     {
-        unsigned long ulDriveByteCounter = 0U; // used for one shred-iteration to keep track of the current drive position
+        // Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task: Starting iteration " + to_string(uiShredIterationCounter + 1) + "/" + to_string(SHRED_ITERATIONS) + " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+
+        unsigned long ulDriveByteCounter = 0U;
 
         if (uiShredIterationCounter == (SHRED_ITERATIONS - 1))
         {
             // last shred iteration --> overwrite (just the write chunk) bytes with zeros instead with random data
+#ifdef ADAPTIVE_CHUNK_SIZE
+            memset(caTfngData, 0U, CHUNK_SIZE_MAX);
+#else
             memset(caTfngData, 0U, CHUNK_SIZE);
+#endif
         }
 
         while (ulDriveByteCounter < ulDriveByteSize)
         {
-            int iBytesToShred = 0; // Bytes that will be overwritten in this chunk-iteration
+#ifdef ADAPTIVE_CHUNK_SIZE
+            size_t activeChunkSize = getCurrentChunkSize();
+#else
+            size_t activeChunkSize = CHUNK_SIZE;
+#endif
+
+            int iBytesToShred = 0;
 
             if (uiShredIterationCounter != (SHRED_ITERATIONS - 1))
             {
-                // NOT last shred iteration --> generate new random data
+#ifdef ADAPTIVE_CHUNK_SIZE
+                tfng_prng_genrandom(caTfngData, activeChunkSize);
+#else
                 tfng_prng_genrandom(caTfngData, TFNG_DATA_SIZE);
+#endif
             }
 
-            if ((ulDriveByteSize - ulDriveByteCounter) < CHUNK_SIZE)
+            if ((ulDriveByteSize - ulDriveByteCounter) < activeChunkSize)
             {
                 iBytesToShred = (ulDriveByteSize - ulDriveByteCounter);
             }
             else
             {
-                iBytesToShred = CHUNK_SIZE;
+                iBytesToShred = activeChunkSize;
             }
 
             int iByteShredded = write(driveFileDiscr, caTfngData, iBytesToShred);
 
             if (iByteShredded <= 0)
             {
-                std::string errorMsg(strerror(errno));
+                int savedErrno = errno;
-                Logger::logThis()->error("Shred-Task: Write to drive failed! " + errorMsg + " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+                Logger::logThis()->error("Shred-Task: Write to drive failed! Attempted: " + to_string(iBytesToShred) +
-                perror("unable to write random data");
+                                         " bytes, Written: " + to_string(iByteShredded) + " bytes" +
+                                         " - Position: " + to_string(ulDriveByteCounter) + "/" + to_string(ulDriveByteSize) +
+                                         " - Iteration: " + to_string(uiShredIterationCounter + 1) + "/" + to_string(SHRED_ITERATIONS) +
+                                         " - Error: " + strerror(savedErrno) + " (errno: " + to_string(savedErrno) + ")" +
+                                         " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
                 cleanup();
+
+                // CRITICAL: Mark as NOT shredded on write failure
+                drive->state = Drive::TaskState::NONE;
+                drive->setTaskPercentage(0.0);
+                drive->bWasShredded = false;
+                drive->bWasChecked = false;
                 return -1;
             }
 
@@ -148,17 +432,33 @@ int Shred::shredDrive(Drive *drive, int *ipSignalFd)
 
             ulDriveByteCounter += iByteShredded;
             ulDriveByteOverallCount += iByteShredded;
+
+#ifdef ADAPTIVE_CHUNK_SIZE
+            bytesWrittenInMeasurement += iByteShredded;
+            chunkCounter++;
+
+            // Evaluate throughput after measurement interval
+            if (chunkCounter >= CHUNK_MEASURE_INTERVAL)
+            {
+                evaluateThroughput(drive);
+            }
+#endif
+
             d32Percent = this->calcProgress();
+
 #ifdef LOG_LEVEL_HIGH
-            Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task: ByteCount: " + to_string(ulDriveByteCounter) + " - iteration: " + to_string((uiShredIterationCounter + 1)) + " - progress: " + to_string(d32Percent) + " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+            Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task: ByteCount: " + to_string(ulDriveByteCounter) +
+                                    " - iteration: " + to_string((uiShredIterationCounter + 1)) +
+                                    " - progress: " + to_string(d32Percent) + "%" +
+                                    " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
 #endif
 
             if ((d32Percent - d32TmpPercent) >= 0.01)
             {
-                // set shred percantage
+                // set shred percentage
                 drive->setTaskPercentage(d32TmpPercent);
                 d32TmpPercent = d32Percent;
-                // signal process in shreding
+                // signal process in shredding
                 write(*ipSignalFd, "A", 1);
             }
 
@@ -168,26 +468,45 @@ int Shred::shredDrive(Drive *drive, int *ipSignalFd)
                 d32Percent = 0.00;
                 d32TmpPercent = 0.00;
                 ulDriveByteCounter = 0U;
-                Logger::logThis()->info("Aborted shred  for: " + drive->getModelName() + "-" + drive->getSerial());
+                Logger::logThis()->info("Aborted shred for: " + drive->getModelName() + "-" + drive->getSerial());
                 cleanup();
                 return -1;
             }
-            // end one chunk write
         }
+
+        Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task: Iteration " + to_string(uiShredIterationCounter + 1) + "/" +
+                                to_string(SHRED_ITERATIONS) + " completed - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+
+        // Rewind drive for next iteration
         if (0 != iRewindDrive(driveFileDiscr))
         {
-            Logger::logThis()->error("Shred-Task: Unable to rewind drive! - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+            Logger::logThis()->error("Shred-Task: Unable to rewind drive after iteration " +
+                                     to_string(uiShredIterationCounter + 1) + " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
             cleanup();
+
+            // CRITICAL: Mark as NOT shredded on rewind failure
+            drive->state = Drive::TaskState::NONE;
+            drive->setTaskPercentage(0.0);
+            drive->bWasShredded = false;
+            drive->bWasChecked = false;
             return -1;
         }
-        // end one shred iteration
     }
-    // end of all shred iteratio
 
-    tfng_prng_seedkey(NULL); // reset random generator
+#ifdef ADAPTIVE_CHUNK_SIZE
+    Logger::logThis()->info("Shred completed - Optimal chunk size: " +
+                            to_string(bestChunkSize / (1024 * 1024)) + " MB, " +
+                            "Best throughput: " + to_string((int)bestThroughputMBps) + " MB/s" +
+                            " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+#endif
 
+    // All shred iterations completed successfully
+    tfng_prng_seedkey(NULL);
+
+    // ONLY mark as shredded if ALL iterations completed AND fsync succeeded
     drive->bWasShredded = true;
     Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task finished - Drive: " + drive->getModelName() + "-" + drive->getSerial() + " @" + address.str());
+
 #ifdef ZERO_CHECK
     drive->state = Drive::TaskState::CHECK_ACTIVE;
     Logger::logThis()->info("Check-Task started - Drive: " + drive->getModelName() + "-" + drive->getSerial() + " @" + address.str());
@@ -196,33 +515,49 @@ int Shred::shredDrive(Drive *drive, int *ipSignalFd)
     if (drive->u32DriveChecksumAfterShredding != 0)
     {
         drive->state = Drive::TaskState::CHECK_FAILED;
-        Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task: Checksum not zero: " + to_string(drive->u32DriveChecksumAfterShredding) + " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+        Logger::logThis()->error("Check-Task: Checksum verification failed! Expected: 0, Got: " +
+                                 to_string(drive->u32DriveChecksumAfterShredding) + " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
     }
     else
     {
         drive->state = Drive::TaskState::CHECK_SUCCESSFUL;
-        Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task: Checksum zero: " + to_string(drive->u32DriveChecksumAfterShredding) + " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+        drive->bWasChecked = true;
+        Logger::logThis()->info("Check-Task: Checksum verification passed (zero) - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
     }
 #endif
+
     cleanup();
 #endif
 
-    if ((drive->state.load() == Drive::TaskState::SHRED_ACTIVE) || (drive->state.load() == Drive::TaskState::CHECK_SUCCESSFUL) || (drive->state == Drive::TaskState::CHECK_FAILED))
+    // Final state handling - ONLY process if shred actually completed
+    Drive::TaskState finalState = drive->state.load();
+
+    // Only do final processing if we reached a completion state
+    // (not if we returned early with errors)
+    if ((finalState == Drive::TaskState::SHRED_ACTIVE) ||
+        (finalState == Drive::TaskState::CHECK_SUCCESSFUL) ||
+        (finalState == Drive::TaskState::CHECK_FAILED))
     {
-        if (drive->state != Drive::TaskState::CHECK_FAILED)
+        if (finalState != Drive::TaskState::CHECK_FAILED)
         {
+            Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task: Triggering print for drive - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
             Printer::getPrinter()->print(drive);
         }
+        else
+        {
+            Logger::logThis()->warning("Shred-Task: Skipping print due to checksum failure - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+        }
+
         drive->state = Drive::TaskState::NONE;
         drive->setTaskPercentage(0.0);
-        Logger::logThis()->info("Finished shred/check for: " + drive->getModelName() + "-" + drive->getSerial());
+        Logger::logThis()->info("Completed shred/check for: " + drive->getModelName() + "-" + drive->getSerial());
     }
+
     return 0;
 }
+
 /**
  * \brief   calc shredding progress in %
- * \param	current byte index of the drive
- * \param	current shred iteration
  * \return  double percentage
  */
 double Shred::calcProgress()
@@ -232,63 +567,121 @@ double Shred::calcProgress()
 #ifdef ZERO_CHECK
     uiMaxShredIteration++; // increment because we will check after SHRED_ITERATIONS the drive for non-zero bytes
 #endif
+
     if (this->ulDriveByteSize == 0)
         return 0.0;
-    return (double)(((double)ulDriveByteOverallCount) / ((double)this->ulDriveByteSize * uiMaxShredIteration)) * 100.0f;
+
+    return (double)(((double)ulDriveByteOverallCount) / ((double)this->ulDriveByteSize * uiMaxShredIteration)) * 100.0;
 }
 
+/**
+ * \brief   rewind drive to beginning
+ * \param   file descriptor
+ * \return  0 on success, -1 on error
+ */
 int Shred::iRewindDrive(fileDescriptor file)
 {
-    if (0 != lseek(file, 0L, SEEK_SET))
+    off_t result = lseek(file, 0L, SEEK_SET);
+
+    if (result == -1)
     {
-        perror("unable to rewind drive");
+        int savedErrno = errno;
-        Logger::logThis()->info("Unable to rewind drive! - fileDescriptor: " + to_string(file));
+        Logger::logThis()->error("Unable to rewind drive! Error: " + string(strerror(savedErrno)) +
+                                 " (errno: " + to_string(savedErrno) + ") - fileDescriptor: " + to_string(file));
         return -1;
     }
-    else
+    else if (result != 0)
     {
-        return 0;
+        Logger::logThis()->error("Rewind position mismatch! Expected: 0, Got: " + to_string(result) +
+                                 " - fileDescriptor: " + to_string(file));
+        return -1;
     }
+
+    return 0;
 }
 
+/**
+ * \brief   get drive size in bytes
+ * \param   file descriptor
+ * \return  size in bytes, 0 on error
+ */
 long Shred::getDriveSizeInBytes(fileDescriptor file)
 {
-    long liDriveSizeTmp = lseek(file, 0L, SEEK_END);
+    off_t liDriveSizeTmp = lseek(file, 0L, SEEK_END);
 
     if (liDriveSizeTmp == -1)
     {
-        perror("unable to get drive size");
+        int savedErrno = errno;
-        Logger::logThis()->info("Unable to get drive size! - fileDescriptor: " + to_string(file));
+        Logger::logThis()->error("Unable to get drive size! Error: " + string(strerror(savedErrno)) +
+                                 " (errno: " + to_string(savedErrno) + ") - fileDescriptor: " + to_string(file));
         return 0L;
     }
 
     if (0 != iRewindDrive(file))
     {
-        liDriveSizeTmp = 0L;
+        Logger::logThis()->error("Unable to rewind after size detection - fileDescriptor: " + to_string(file));
+        return 0L;
     }
 
 #ifdef DEMO_DRIVE_SIZE
     liDriveSizeTmp = DEMO_DRIVE_SIZE;
+    Logger::logThis()->info("DEMO_DRIVE_SIZE active - using size: " + to_string(liDriveSizeTmp) + " bytes");
 #endif
+
     return liDriveSizeTmp;
 }
 
+/**
+ * \brief   calculate checksum of drive (verify all zeros)
+ * \param   file descriptor
+ * \param   pointer to Drive instance
+ * \param   signal file descriptor
+ * \return  checksum value (0 = all zeros)
+ */
 unsigned int Shred::uiCalcChecksum(fileDescriptor file, Drive *drive, int *ipSignalFd)
 {
     unsigned int uiChecksum = 0;
     unsigned long ulDriveByteCounter = 0U;
+
+    Logger::logThis()->info("Check-Task: Starting checksum verification - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+
+#ifdef ADAPTIVE_CHUNK_SIZE
+    size_t checkChunkSize = CHUNK_SIZE_MAX;
+#else
+    size_t checkChunkSize = CHUNK_SIZE;
+#endif
+
     while (ulDriveByteCounter < ulDriveByteSize)
     {
+        // Check if task was aborted
+        if (drive->state.load() != Drive::TaskState::CHECK_ACTIVE)
+        {
+            Logger::logThis()->info("Check-Task: Aborted by user at " + to_string(d32Percent) + "% - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+            return UINT32_MAX; // Return non-zero to indicate incomplete check
+        }
+
         int iBytesToCheck = 0;
-        if ((ulDriveByteSize - ulDriveByteCounter) < CHUNK_SIZE)
+        if ((ulDriveByteSize - ulDriveByteCounter) < checkChunkSize)
         {
             iBytesToCheck = (ulDriveByteSize - ulDriveByteCounter);
         }
         else
         {
-            iBytesToCheck = CHUNK_SIZE;
+            iBytesToCheck = checkChunkSize;
         }
         int iReadBytes = read(file, caReadBuffer, iBytesToCheck);
+
+        if (iReadBytes <= 0)
+        {
+            int savedErrno = errno;
+            Logger::logThis()->error("Check-Task: Read failed! Attempted: " + to_string(iBytesToCheck) +
+                                     " bytes, Read: " + to_string(iReadBytes) + " bytes" +
+                                     " - Position: " + to_string(ulDriveByteCounter) + "/" + to_string(ulDriveByteSize) +
+                                     " - Error: " + strerror(savedErrno) + " (errno: " + to_string(savedErrno) + ")" +
+                                     " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+            return UINT32_MAX; // Return non-zero to indicate read failure
+        }
+
         for (int iReadBytesCounter = 0U; iReadBytesCounter < iReadBytes; iReadBytesCounter++)
         {
             uiChecksum += caReadBuffer[iReadBytesCounter];
@@ -301,7 +694,10 @@ unsigned int Shred::uiCalcChecksum(fileDescriptor file, Drive *drive, int *ipSig
         drive->sShredSpeed.store(shredSpeed);
 
 #ifdef LOG_LEVEL_HIGH
-        Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task (Checksum): ByteCount: " + to_string(ulDriveByteCounter) + " - progress: " + to_string(d32Percent) + " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
+        Logger::logThis()->info("Check-Task: ByteCount: " + to_string(ulDriveByteCounter) +
+                                " - progress: " + to_string(d32Percent) + "%" +
+                                " - checksum so far: " + to_string(uiChecksum) +
+                                " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
 #endif
 
         if (((d32Percent - d32TmpPercent) >= 0.01) || (d32Percent == 100.0))
@@ -314,12 +710,29 @@ unsigned int Shred::uiCalcChecksum(fileDescriptor file, Drive *drive, int *ipSig
             write(*ipSignalFd, "A", 1);
         }
     }
+
+    Logger::logThis()->info("Check-Task: Verification complete - Final checksum: " + to_string(uiChecksum) + " - Drive: " + drive->getSerial());
     drive->bWasChecked = true;
+
     return uiChecksum;
 }
 
+/**
+ * \brief   cleanup - close file descriptors
+ */
 void Shred::cleanup()
 {
-    close(driveFileDiscr);
+    if (driveFileDiscr != -1)
-    close(randomSrcFileDiscr);
+    {
+        Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task: Closing drive file descriptor: " + to_string(driveFileDiscr));
+        close(driveFileDiscr);
+        driveFileDiscr = -1;
+    }
+
+    if (randomSrcFileDiscr != -1)
+    {
+        Logger::logThis()->info("Shred-Task: Closing random source file descriptor: " + to_string(randomSrcFileDiscr));
+        close(randomSrcFileDiscr);
+        randomSrcFileDiscr = -1;
+    }
 }

src/smart.cpp

@@ -6,306 +6,382 @@
  */
 
 #include "../include/reHDD.h"
+#include <sys/wait.h> // For WIFSIGNALED, WTERMSIG
 using namespace std;
 
+/**
+ * \brief   Parse context for SMART attribute values
+ */
+struct SMARTParseContext
+{
+    // Device information (top-level JSON fields)
+    string modelFamily;
+    string modelName;
+    string serial;
+    uint64_t capacity;
+
+    // Power and temperature (top-level JSON fields)
+    uint32_t errorCount;
+    uint32_t powerOnHours;
+    uint32_t powerCycles;
+    uint32_t temperature;
+
+    // Critical sector counts (from ata_smart_attributes table)
+    uint32_t reallocatedSectors;   // ID 5
+    uint32_t pendingSectors;       // ID 197
+    uint32_t uncorrectableSectors; // ID 198
+
+    // Parser state machine
+    enum State
+    {
+        SEARCHING,        // Looking for next field
+        IN_ATTRIBUTE_5,   // Inside ID 5 object
+        IN_ATTRIBUTE_197, // Inside ID 197 object
+        IN_ATTRIBUTE_198, // Inside ID 198 object
+        IN_RAW_SECTION    // Inside "raw": { } of current attribute
+    };
+
+    State state;
+    int currentAttributeId; // Which attribute are we parsing? (5, 197, 198)
+
+    SMARTParseContext()
+        : capacity(0),
+          errorCount(0),
+          powerOnHours(0),
+          powerCycles(0),
+          temperature(0),
+          reallocatedSectors(0),
+          pendingSectors(0),
+          uncorrectableSectors(0),
+          state(SEARCHING),
+          currentAttributeId(0)
+    {
+    }
+};
+
+/**
+ * \brief   Extract JSON string value
+ * \param   line containing "key": "value"
+ * \return  extracted string value
+ */
+static string extractStringValue(const string &line)
+{
+    size_t colonPos = line.find(": ");
+    if (colonPos == string::npos)
+        return "";
+
+    size_t firstQuote = line.find('"', colonPos + 2);
+    if (firstQuote == string::npos)
+        return "";
+
+    size_t secondQuote = line.find('"', firstQuote + 1);
+    if (secondQuote == string::npos)
+        return "";
+
+    return line.substr(firstQuote + 1, secondQuote - firstQuote - 1);
+}
+
+/**
+ * \brief   Extract JSON integer value
+ * \param   line containing "key": number
+ * \return  extracted integer value
+ */
+static uint64_t extractIntegerValue(const string &line)
+{
+    size_t colonPos = line.find(": ");
+    if (colonPos == string::npos)
+        return 0;
+
+    string valueStr = line.substr(colonPos + 2);
+
+    // Remove whitespace, commas, braces
+    valueStr.erase(remove_if(valueStr.begin(), valueStr.end(),
+                             [](char c)
+                             { return c == ' ' || c == ',' || c == '}' || c == '\n'; }),
+                   valueStr.end());
+
+    // Verify it's a valid number
+    if (valueStr.empty() || valueStr.find_first_not_of("0123456789") != string::npos)
+        return 0;
+
+    try
+    {
+        return stoull(valueStr);
+    }
+    catch (...)
+    {
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * \brief   Process a single line of JSON output
+ * \param   line from smartctl JSON output
+ * \param   context parsing context with state
+ * \return  void
+ */
+static void processLine(const string &line, SMARTParseContext &ctx)
+{
+    // Trim whitespace for consistent parsing
+    string trimmed = line;
+    size_t firstNonSpace = trimmed.find_first_not_of(" \t\r\n");
+    if (firstNonSpace != string::npos)
+    {
+        trimmed = trimmed.substr(firstNonSpace);
+    }
+
+    // Parse top-level device information
+    if (trimmed.find("\"model_family\":") == 0)
+    {
+        ctx.modelFamily = extractStringValue(line);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (trimmed.find("\"model_name\":") == 0)
+    {
+        ctx.modelName = extractStringValue(line);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (trimmed.find("\"serial_number\":") == 0)
+    {
+        ctx.serial = extractStringValue(line);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Parse capacity from user_capacity.bytes
+    if (trimmed.find("\"bytes\":") == 0)
+    {
+        ctx.capacity = extractIntegerValue(line);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Parse error count from self_test log
+    if (trimmed.find("\"error_count_total\":") == 0)
+    {
+        ctx.errorCount = extractIntegerValue(line);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Parse power-on hours
+    if (trimmed.find("\"hours\":") == 0)
+    {
+        ctx.powerOnHours = extractIntegerValue(line);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Parse power cycle count
+    if (trimmed.find("\"power_cycle_count\":") == 0)
+    {
+        ctx.powerCycles = extractIntegerValue(line);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Parse temperature
+    if (trimmed.find("\"current\":") == 0 && ctx.temperature == 0)
+    {
+        // Only parse first occurrence (temperature section, not other "current" fields)
+        ctx.temperature = extractIntegerValue(line);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // State machine for SMART attributes parsing
+    switch (ctx.state)
+    {
+    case SMARTParseContext::SEARCHING:
+        // Look for critical attribute IDs
+        if (trimmed.find("\"id\": 5,") == 0)
+        {
+            ctx.state = SMARTParseContext::IN_ATTRIBUTE_5;
+            ctx.currentAttributeId = 5;
+        }
+        else if (trimmed.find("\"id\": 197,") == 0)
+        {
+            ctx.state = SMARTParseContext::IN_ATTRIBUTE_197;
+            ctx.currentAttributeId = 197;
+        }
+        else if (trimmed.find("\"id\": 198,") == 0)
+        {
+            ctx.state = SMARTParseContext::IN_ATTRIBUTE_198;
+            ctx.currentAttributeId = 198;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case SMARTParseContext::IN_ATTRIBUTE_5:
+    case SMARTParseContext::IN_ATTRIBUTE_197:
+    case SMARTParseContext::IN_ATTRIBUTE_198:
+        // Look for "raw": { start
+        if (trimmed.find("\"raw\":") == 0)
+        {
+            ctx.state = SMARTParseContext::IN_RAW_SECTION;
+        }
+        // Look for end of attribute object (more indented closing brace = end of attribute)
+        // "      }," or "      }" at attribute level (6 spaces)
+        else if (line.find("      },") == 0 || line.find("      }") == 0)
+        {
+            ctx.state = SMARTParseContext::SEARCHING;
+            ctx.currentAttributeId = 0;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case SMARTParseContext::IN_RAW_SECTION:
+        // Look for "value": number inside raw section
+        if (trimmed.find("\"value\":") == 0)
+        {
+            uint64_t value = extractIntegerValue(line);
+
+            // Store value in appropriate field based on current attribute
+            if (ctx.currentAttributeId == 5)
+            {
+                ctx.reallocatedSectors = static_cast<uint32_t>(value);
+            }
+            else if (ctx.currentAttributeId == 197)
+            {
+                ctx.pendingSectors = static_cast<uint32_t>(value);
+            }
+            else if (ctx.currentAttributeId == 198)
+            {
+                ctx.uncorrectableSectors = static_cast<uint32_t>(value);
+            }
+
+            // Stay in raw section - closing brace will exit
+        }
+        // Look for end of raw object (less indented = back to attribute level)
+        // "        }" at raw level (8 spaces)
+        else if (line.find("        }") == 0)
+        {
+            // Return to attribute state (raw section closed)
+            ctx.state = (ctx.currentAttributeId == 5) ? SMARTParseContext::IN_ATTRIBUTE_5 : (ctx.currentAttributeId == 197) ? SMARTParseContext::IN_ATTRIBUTE_197
+                                                                                                                            : SMARTParseContext::IN_ATTRIBUTE_198;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
 /**
  * \brief   get and set S.M.A.R.T. values in Drive
- * \param	pointer of Drive instance
+ * \param   pointer of Drive instance
  * \return  void
  */
 void SMART::readSMARTData(Drive *drive)
 {
-    string modelFamily;
+    SMARTParseContext ctx;
-    string modelName;
+    uint8_t exitStatus = 255U;
-    string serial;
-    uint64_t capacity = 0U;
-    uint32_t errorCount = 0U;
-    uint32_t powerOnHours = 0U;
-    uint32_t powerCycles = 0U;
-    uint32_t temperature = 0U;
 
-    modelFamily.clear();
+    // Command order optimized for USB adapters
-    modelName.clear();
+    // Standard commands first, then device-specific variants
-    serial.clear();
+    string sSmartctlCommands[] = {
+        " --json -a ",                // Try standard first
+        " --json -d sat -a ",         // SAT (SCSI/ATA Translation) - most USB adapters
+        " --json -d usbjmicron -a ",  // USB JMicron
+        " --json -d usbprolific -a ", // USB Prolific
+        " --json -d usbsunplus -a "   // USB Sunplus
+    };
 
-    string sSmartctlCommands[] = {" --json -a ", " --json -d sntjmicron -a ", " --json -d sntasmedia -a ", " --json -d sntrealtek -a ", " --json -d sat -a "};
+    for (const string &sSmartctlCommand : sSmartctlCommands)
-
-    for (string sSmartctlCommand : sSmartctlCommands)
     {
-        string sCMD = ("smartctl");
+        // Build command with timeout
+        string sCMD = "timeout 5 smartctl"; // 5 second timeout prevents hanging
         sCMD.append(sSmartctlCommand);
         sCMD.append(drive->getPath());
-        const char *cpComand = sCMD.c_str();
+        // Note: stderr NOT suppressed for debugging
 
-        // Logger::logThis()->info(cpComand);
+        Logger::logThis()->info("SMART: Executing: " + sCMD);
 
-        FILE *outputfileSmart = popen(cpComand, "r");
+        // Execute smartctl with timeout protection
-        size_t len = 0U;    // length of found line
+        FILE *outputfileSmart = popen(sCMD.c_str(), "r");
-        char *cLine = NULL; // found line
+        if (outputfileSmart == nullptr)
-        uint8_t status = 255U;
-
-        while ((getline(&cLine, &len, outputfileSmart)) != -1)
         {
-            string sLine = string(cLine);
+            Logger::logThis()->error("SMART: Failed to execute smartctl");
+            continue;
+        }
 
-            SMART::parseExitStatus(sLine, status);
+        // Reset context for new attempt
-            SMART::parseModelFamily(sLine, modelFamily);
+        ctx = SMARTParseContext();
-            SMART::parseModelName(sLine, modelName);
+
-            SMART::parseSerial(sLine, serial);
+        // Parse output line by line
-            SMART::parseCapacity(sLine, capacity);
+        char *cLine = nullptr;
-            SMART::parseErrorCount(sLine, errorCount);
+        size_t len = 0;
-            SMART::parsePowerOnHours(sLine, powerOnHours);
+        int lineCount = 0;
-            SMART::parsePowerCycles(sLine, powerCycles);
+
-            SMART::parseTemperature(sLine, temperature);
+        while (getline(&cLine, &len, outputfileSmart) != -1)
+        {
+            string sLine(cLine);
+            lineCount++;
+
+            // Parse exit status
+            if (sLine.find("\"exit_status\":") != string::npos)
+            {
+                exitStatus = static_cast<uint8_t>(extractIntegerValue(sLine));
+            }
+
+            // Process this line
+            processLine(sLine, ctx);
         }
 
         free(cLine);
-        pclose(outputfileSmart);
+        int pcloseStatus = pclose(outputfileSmart);
 
-        if (status == 0U)
+        Logger::logThis()->info("SMART: Parsed " + to_string(lineCount) + " lines, exit status: " + to_string(exitStatus));
+
+        // Check if timeout killed the process
+        if (WIFSIGNALED(pcloseStatus) && WTERMSIG(pcloseStatus) == SIGTERM)
         {
-            // Found S.M.A.R.T. data with this command
+            Logger::logThis()->warning("SMART: Command timed out (5s) - skipping to next variant");
-            // Logger::logThis()->info("Found S.M.A.R.T. data with this command");
+            continue;
-            break;
         }
-    }
 
-    drive->setDriveSMARTData(modelFamily, modelName, serial, capacity, errorCount, powerOnHours, powerCycles, temperature); // write data in drive
+        // IGNORE exit status - instead check if we got valid data!
-}
+        // Exit status 64 means "error log contains errors" but SMART data is still valid
-
+        // Exit status 4 means "some prefail attributes concerning" but data is valid
-/**
+        // What matters: Did we parse model name and serial?
- * \brief parse ExitStatus
+        if (!ctx.modelName.empty() && !ctx.serial.empty())
- * \param string output line of smartctl
- * \param uint8_t parsed status
- * \return bool if parsing was possible
- */
-bool SMART::parseExitStatus(string sLine, uint8_t &status)
-{
-    string search("\"exit_status\": ");
-    size_t found = sLine.find(search);
-    if (found != string::npos)
-    {
-        sLine.erase(0U, sLine.find(": ") + 1U);
-        status = stol(sLine);
-        return true;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        return false;
-    }
-}
-
-/**
- * \brief parse ModelFamily
- * \param string output line of smartctl
- * \param string parsed model family
- * \return bool if parsing was possible
- */
-bool SMART::parseModelFamily(string sLine, string &modelFamily)
-{
-    string search("\"model_family\": ");
-    size_t found = sLine.find(search);
-    if (found != string::npos)
-    {
-        sLine.erase(0U, sLine.find(": ") + 3U);
-        if (sLine.length() >= 3U)
         {
-            sLine.erase(sLine.length() - 3U, 3U);
+            Logger::logThis()->info("SMART: Successfully parsed data");
-        }
+            Logger::logThis()->info("SMART: Model: " + ctx.modelName);
-        modelFamily = sLine;
+            Logger::logThis()->info("SMART: Serial: " + ctx.serial);
-        return true;
+            Logger::logThis()->info("SMART: Capacity: " + to_string(ctx.capacity) + " bytes");
-    }
+            Logger::logThis()->info("SMART: Power-On Hours: " + to_string(ctx.powerOnHours));
-    else
+            Logger::logThis()->info("SMART: Temperature: " + to_string(ctx.temperature) + " C");
-    {
+            Logger::logThis()->info("SMART: Reallocated Sectors: " + to_string(ctx.reallocatedSectors));
-        return false;
+            Logger::logThis()->info("SMART: Pending Sectors: " + to_string(ctx.pendingSectors));
-    }
+            Logger::logThis()->info("SMART: Uncorrectable Sectors: " + to_string(ctx.uncorrectableSectors));
-}
 
-/**
+            if (exitStatus != 0)
- * \brief parse ModelName
+            {
- * \param string output line of smartctl
+                Logger::logThis()->info("SMART: Note - exit status " + to_string(exitStatus) + " indicates warnings/errors in SMART log");
- * \param string parsed model name
+            }
- * \return bool if parsing was possible
- */
-bool SMART::parseModelName(string sLine, string &modelName)
-{
-    string search("\"model_name\": ");
-    size_t found = sLine.find(search);
-    if (found != string::npos)
-    {
-        sLine.erase(0U, sLine.find(": ") + 3U);
-        if (sLine.length() >= 3U)
-        {
-            sLine.erase(sLine.length() - 3U, 3U);
-        }
-        modelName = sLine;
-        return true;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        return false;
-    }
-}
 
-/**
+            break; // Success - we got data!
- * \brief parse Serial
- * \param string output line of smartctl
- * \param string parsed serial
- * \return bool if parsing was possible
- */
-bool SMART::parseSerial(string sLine, string &serial)
-{
-    string search("\"serial_number\": ");
-    size_t found = sLine.find(search);
-    if (found != string::npos)
-    {
-        sLine.erase(0, sLine.find(": ") + 3);
-        if (sLine.length() >= 3U)
-        {
-            sLine.erase(sLine.length() - 3U, 3U);
-        }
-        serial = sLine;
-        return true;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        return false;
-    }
-}
-
-/**
- * \brief parse Capacity
- * \param string output line of smartctl
- *  \param string parsed capacity
- * \return bool if parsing was possible
- */
-bool SMART::parseCapacity(string sLine, uint64_t &capacity)
-{
-    string search("\"bytes\": ");
-    size_t found = sLine.find(search);
-    if (found != string::npos)
-    {
-        sLine.erase(0, sLine.find(": ") + 2);
-        if (sLine.length() >= 1U)
-        {
-            sLine.erase(sLine.length() - 1U, 1U);
-        }
-        capacity = stol(sLine);
-        return true;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        return false;
-    }
-}
-
-/**
- * \brief parse ErrorCount
- * \param string output line of smartctl
- * \param uint32_t parsed error count
- * \return bool if parsing was possible
- */
-bool SMART::parseErrorCount(string sLine, uint32_t &errorCount)
-{
-    string search("\"error_count_total\": ");
-    size_t found = sLine.find(search);
-    if (found != string::npos)
-    {
-        sLine.erase(0U, sLine.find(": ") + 2U);
-        if (sLine.length() >= 2U)
-        {
-            sLine.erase(sLine.length() - 2U, 2U);
-        }
-        errorCount = stol(sLine);
-        return true;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        return false;
-    }
-}
-
-/**
- * \brief parse PowerOnHours
- * \param string output line of smartctl\
- * \param uint32_t parsed power on hours
- * \return bool if parsing was possible
- */
-bool SMART::parsePowerOnHours(string sLine, uint32_t &powerOnHours)
-{
-    string search("\"hours\": ");
-    size_t found = sLine.find(search);
-    if (found != string::npos)
-    {
-        sLine.erase(0U, sLine.find(": ") + 2U);
-        if (sLine.length() >= 1U)
-        {
-            sLine.erase(sLine.length() - 1U, 1U);
-        }
-        powerOnHours = stol(sLine);
-        return true;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        return false;
-    }
-}
-
-/**
- * \brief parse PowerCycle
- * \param string output line of smartctl
- * \param uint32_t parsed power cycles
- * \return bool if parsing was possible
- */
-bool SMART::parsePowerCycles(string sLine, uint32_t &powerCycles)
-{
-    string search("\"power_cycle_count\": ");
-    size_t found = sLine.find(search);
-    if (found != string::npos)
-    {
-        sLine.erase(0, sLine.find(": ") + 2);
-        if (sLine.length() >= 2U)
-        {
-            sLine.erase(sLine.length() - 2U, 2U);
-        }
-        powerCycles = stol(sLine);
-        return true;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        return false;
-    }
-}
-
-/**
- * \brief parse temperature
- * \param string output line of smartctl
- * \param uint32_t parsed temperature
- * \return bool if parsing was possible
- */
-bool SMART::parseTemperature(string sLine, uint32_t &temperature)
-{
-    string search("\"current\": ");
-    size_t found = sLine.find(search);
-    if (found != string::npos)
-    {
-        sLine.erase(0U, sLine.find(": ") + 2U);
-        if (sLine.length() >= 1U)
-        {
-            sLine.erase(sLine.length() - 1U, 2U);
-        }
-        if (sLine == "{")
-        {
-            temperature = 0U; // this drive doesn't support temperature
         }
         else
         {
-            temperature = stol(sLine);
+            Logger::logThis()->warning("SMART: No valid data parsed (exit status: " + to_string(exitStatus) + ")");
         }
-        return true;
     }
-    else
+
+    // Check if we got ANY data
+    if (ctx.modelName.empty() && ctx.serial.empty())
     {
-        return false;
+        Logger::logThis()->warning("SMART: No SMART data available for this drive - may not support SMART or need root privileges");
+
+        // Try basic device info without SMART (use hdparm or similar as fallback)
+        // For now, just log that SMART is not available
+        ctx.modelName = "SMART not available";
+        ctx.serial = "N/A";
     }
+
+    // Write parsed data to drive
+    drive->setDriveSMARTData(
+        ctx.modelFamily,
+        ctx.modelName,
+        ctx.serial,
+        ctx.capacity,
+        ctx.errorCount,
+        ctx.powerOnHours,
+        ctx.powerCycles,
+        ctx.temperature,
+        ctx.reallocatedSectors,
+        ctx.pendingSectors,
+        ctx.uncorrectableSectors);
 }

src/tui.cpp

@@ -110,10 +110,10 @@ void TUI::updateTUI(list<Drive> *plistDrives, uint8_t u8SelectedEntry)
             bSelectedEntry = true; // mark this drive in entries list
             displaySelectedDrive(*it, u16StdscrX, u16StdscrY);
 
-            if ((it->getPowerOnHours() >= WORSE_HOURS) || (it->getPowerCycles() >= WORSE_POWERUP) || (it->getErrorCount() > 0) || (it->getTemperature() >= WORSE_TEMPERATURE))
+            if ((it->getPowerOnHours() >= WORSE_HOURS) || (it->getPowerCycles() >= WORSE_POWERUP) || (it->getErrorCount() > 0) || (it->getTemperature() >= WORSE_TEMPERATURE) || (it->getReallocatedSectors() > 0) || (it->getPendingSectors() > 0) || (it->getUncorrectableSectors() > 0))
             {
                 // smart values are bad --> show warning
-                smartWarning = createSmartWarning(50, 10, ((u16StdscrX) - (int)(u16StdscrX / 2) + 35), (int)(u16StdscrY / 2) - 5, it->getPath(), it->getPowerOnHours(), it->getPowerCycles(), it->getErrorCount(), it->getTemperature());
+                smartWarning = createSmartWarning(50, 14, ((u16StdscrX) - (int)(u16StdscrX / 2) + 35), (int)(u16StdscrY / 2) - 7, it->getPath(), it->getPowerOnHours(), it->getPowerCycles(), it->getErrorCount(), it->getTemperature(), it->getReallocatedSectors(), it->getPendingSectors(), it->getUncorrectableSectors());
                 wrefresh(smartWarning);
             }
         }
@@ -721,7 +721,7 @@ void TUI::displaySelectedDrive(Drive &drive, int stdscrX, int stdscrY)
     }
 }
 
-WINDOW *TUI::createSmartWarning(int iXSize, int iYSize, int iXStart, int iYStart, string sPath, uint32_t u32PowerOnHours, uint32_t u32PowerCycles, uint32_t u32ErrorCount, uint32_t u32Temperature)
+WINDOW *TUI::createSmartWarning(int iXSize, int iYSize, int iXStart, int iYStart, string sPath, uint32_t u32PowerOnHours, uint32_t u32PowerCycles, uint32_t u32ErrorCount, uint32_t u32Temperature, uint32_t u32ReallocatedSectors, uint32_t u32PendingSectors, uint32_t u32UncorrectableSectors)
 {
     WINDOW *newWindow;
     newWindow = newwin(iYSize, iXSize, iYStart, iXStart);
@@ -763,6 +763,28 @@ WINDOW *TUI::createSmartWarning(int iXSize, int iYSize, int iXStart, int iYStart
     {
         string sLineTmp = "Drive too hot: " + to_string(u32Temperature) + " C";
         mvwaddstr(newWindow, u16Line++, (iXSize / 2) - (sLine01.size() / 2), sLineTmp.c_str());
+        u16Line++;
     }
+
+    if (u32ReallocatedSectors > 0)
+    {
+        string sLineTmp = "CRITICAL: Reallocated sectors detected: " + to_string(u32ReallocatedSectors);
+        mvwaddstr(newWindow, u16Line++, (iXSize / 2) - (sLine01.size() / 2), sLineTmp.c_str());
+        u16Line++;
+    }
+
+    if (u32PendingSectors > 0)
+    {
+        string sLineTmp = "CRITICAL: Pending sectors detected: " + to_string(u32PendingSectors);
+        mvwaddstr(newWindow, u16Line++, (iXSize / 2) - (sLine01.size() / 2), sLineTmp.c_str());
+        u16Line++;
+    }
+
+    if (u32UncorrectableSectors > 0)
+    {
+        string sLineTmp = "CRITICAL: Uncorrectable sectors: " + to_string(u32UncorrectableSectors);
+        mvwaddstr(newWindow, u16Line++, (iXSize / 2) - (sLine01.size() / 2), sLineTmp.c_str());
+    }
+
     return newWindow;
 }